Aluminium, also spelled as aluminum is a chemical element that falls in the boron group and has a symbol of Al. Physically, aluminium is relatively soft, lightweight, durable, malleable, and ductile metal. Its appearance varies with surface roughness, but ranges from silver to dull gray. The metal does not ignite easily and is nonmagnetic in nature. The metal occurs in many places in different forms. The aluminum in NJ is one of the most pure and easy to extract.
When aluminium is exposed to air, a thin layer of aluminium oxide is formed on its surface. This surface makes the metal to have good corrosion resistance capabilities. The layer also prevents this metal from undergoing further oxidation. Aluminium reacts with several acidic solutions, water, and aqueous salts. Its use in household plumbing is limited because of corrosion caused by chlorides such as sodium chloride, which are commonly found in tap water.
Aluminium exists in several isotopes that have mass numbers that range from 21 to 42. However, there are only two isotopes that are known to exist naturally. The two isotopes are the radioactive isotope of mass number 27 and the stable isotope of mass number 26. The radioactive isotope is produced by cosmic-ray proton from atmospheric argon in a process called spallation.
Aluminium isotopes find use in dating quartz, marine sediments, glacial ice, meteorites, and manganese nodules. Be (mass number 10) is combined with the stable isotope to be used in studying the roles of erosion, burial times, deposition, sediment storage, and transport on a 100000-1000000 time scale. The study of the moon dating of asteroids are also achieved with the use of the stable isotope.
Aluminium is the third most abundant chemical element in the crust of the earth. Bauxite is its chief ore. Extraction from the bauxite ore is done through a process called the Bayer process. The amount of metal produced depends on the level of purity of ore. If the ore is not very pure, the amount of alumina produced may only be a third of waste produced. The produced alumina is converted into aluminium through the Hall-Heroult process.
Aluminium has many uses that it is the most used metal among non-ferrous metals. Apart from iron, it is the most produced metal in the world and its production grows every year. To enhance its mechanical qualities, aluminium is always used in the form of alloys. Alloying is done using many agents such as magnesium, copper, silicon, manganese, and zinc.
Some of the industries in which aluminium finds use include transportation, packaging, construction, and electrical transmission lines. In terms of household items, the metal is used to make cooking utensils, watches, electronics, windows, siding, and doors. Production of hydrogen gas is also done through chemical reactions of aluminium. Coins made from aluminum or aluminium with other metals have also been issued in various countries such as Israel, Italy, Romania, France, and Poland.
There are several health concerns related to aluminium. The metal is known to cause various conditions such as retardation in infants, allergy, digestive disorders, contact dermatitis, and reduced skeletal mineralization among others. Expression of effects of aluminium may depend on levels consumed, mode of consumption, and age among other factors.
When aluminium is exposed to air, a thin layer of aluminium oxide is formed on its surface. This surface makes the metal to have good corrosion resistance capabilities. The layer also prevents this metal from undergoing further oxidation. Aluminium reacts with several acidic solutions, water, and aqueous salts. Its use in household plumbing is limited because of corrosion caused by chlorides such as sodium chloride, which are commonly found in tap water.
Aluminium exists in several isotopes that have mass numbers that range from 21 to 42. However, there are only two isotopes that are known to exist naturally. The two isotopes are the radioactive isotope of mass number 27 and the stable isotope of mass number 26. The radioactive isotope is produced by cosmic-ray proton from atmospheric argon in a process called spallation.
Aluminium isotopes find use in dating quartz, marine sediments, glacial ice, meteorites, and manganese nodules. Be (mass number 10) is combined with the stable isotope to be used in studying the roles of erosion, burial times, deposition, sediment storage, and transport on a 100000-1000000 time scale. The study of the moon dating of asteroids are also achieved with the use of the stable isotope.
Aluminium is the third most abundant chemical element in the crust of the earth. Bauxite is its chief ore. Extraction from the bauxite ore is done through a process called the Bayer process. The amount of metal produced depends on the level of purity of ore. If the ore is not very pure, the amount of alumina produced may only be a third of waste produced. The produced alumina is converted into aluminium through the Hall-Heroult process.
Aluminium has many uses that it is the most used metal among non-ferrous metals. Apart from iron, it is the most produced metal in the world and its production grows every year. To enhance its mechanical qualities, aluminium is always used in the form of alloys. Alloying is done using many agents such as magnesium, copper, silicon, manganese, and zinc.
Some of the industries in which aluminium finds use include transportation, packaging, construction, and electrical transmission lines. In terms of household items, the metal is used to make cooking utensils, watches, electronics, windows, siding, and doors. Production of hydrogen gas is also done through chemical reactions of aluminium. Coins made from aluminum or aluminium with other metals have also been issued in various countries such as Israel, Italy, Romania, France, and Poland.
There are several health concerns related to aluminium. The metal is known to cause various conditions such as retardation in infants, allergy, digestive disorders, contact dermatitis, and reduced skeletal mineralization among others. Expression of effects of aluminium may depend on levels consumed, mode of consumption, and age among other factors.
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